| 例句 |
exact adj.
⇨ exact (an exact copy) ⇨ very (at that exact moment)exact verb
⇨ demandexact adjective exact ♦︎ precise ♦︎ accurate ♦︎ specificThese words all describe sth that gives all the details of sth correctly. 这些词均表示精确的、准确的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆precise / accurate / specific about sb / sth◆exact / precise / accurate / specific instructions / details◆exact / precise / accurate measurements◆an exact / a precise / an accurate answer / description◆a precise / an accurate account◆an exact / an accurate picture / copy◆the exact / precise time◆quite exact / precise / accurate / specific■ exact [usually before noun] giving all the details correctly 精确的；准确的◆She gave an exact description of the attacker.她对袭击者作了精确的描述。◆What were his exact words?他的原话是什么？◆She's in her mid-thirties－36, to be exact.她35岁左右－确切地说是36岁。OPP approximate , rough ⇨ vague see also exact ⇨ very adj. ▸ exactly adverb ◆Do exactly as I tell you.严格按我说的办。◆It happened almost exactly a year ago.这件事发生在差不多正好一年前。■ precise / /prɪˈsaɪs/ / giving all the details clearly and correctly; based on correct and careful measurement or judgement 明确的；准确的；精确的◆Please give precise details about your previous experience.请细说一下你以前的经历。◆She was reasonably precise about the time of the incident.她还算准确地说出了事情发生的时间。◆It measures 3.4 metres, to be precise.准确地说，它的尺寸是3.4米。OPP imprecise ⇨ vague see also precise ⇨ very adj. ▸ precisely adverb ◆That's precisely what I meant.那恰恰是我的意思。▸ precision / /prɪˈsɪʒn/ / noun [uncountable] ◆Her writing is imaginative but lacks precision.她的文章想象力丰富，但是不够细致。■ accurate correct in every detail 正确无误的◆Accurate records must be kept at all times.任何时候都必须保存准确的记录。◆The test results are accurate in 99% of cases.测试结果准确率达99%。◆The novel wasn't intended to be historically accurate.小说不追求如实反映历史。OPP inaccurate ⇨ wrong 1 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ reliable 2 另见reliable条第2义▸ accuracy / /ˈækjərəsi/ / noun [uncountable] ◆They questioned the accuracy of the information in the file.他们怀疑档案中信息的正确性。▸ accurately adverb ◆The report accurately reflects the current state of the industry.该报告如实反映了这个行业的现状。NOTE 辨析 Exact, precise or accurate? Accurate can often be used before a noun in the same way as exact and precise. 作定语时accurate的用法常与exact和precise相同◆exact / precise / accurate records正确的／精确的／准确的记录When the words are used after a linking verb, there is a slightly different emphasis, especially in negative statements. A description that is not very exact/precise lacks details; a description that is not very accurate gives details, but the details are wrong. Precise includes the idea of being clear and certain as well as correct and can be used to talk about people in the phrase be precise about sth. Exact is not usually used in this way. 但用在连系动词后，尤其是否定句时，这几个词所强调的重点略有不同。not very exact/precise指缺乏细节的描述，not very accurate指描述中有细节，但内容有误。precise除了“正确”之外，还有“清楚、肯定”之意；可用于短语sb be precise about sth，指某人对某事确定无疑。exact一般不这样用◆She was reasonably exact about the time of the incident. If you are reasonably accurate about sth you are reasonably correct about it, not reasonably clear and certain. * be reasonably accurate about sth指还算正确，不含“清楚、肯定”之意。 ■ specific giving all the details clearly and carefully 明确的；具体的◆I gave you specific instructions.我明确告诉过你怎么做的。◆'I'd like your help tomorrow.' 'Can you be more specific (= tell me exactly what you want)?'“我想让你明天来帮我。”“你能不能说得具体些？”ⓘ Specific is often used in the same way as precise; it is frequently used in order to ask sb to be more precise, to complain that sb has not been precise, or to insist that you have been precise (for example, when sb has ignored your instructions). * specific常与precise的用法相同，常用于要求某人更明确些，或抱怨某人不够明确，或坚称自己说得已经很清楚了。 very adjective very ♦︎ actual ♦︎ exact ♦︎ preciseThese words are all used to emphasize that you are talking about a particular thing or moment. 这些词均表示某个事物或时刻是特定的、正是的、恰好的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the very / actual / exact / precise moment◆sb's very / actual / exact words◆the actual / exact / precise nature of sth◆the very / exact same sth■ very [only before noun] used to emphasize that you are talking about a particular thing or person and not about another （特指人或事物）正是的，恰好的，同一的◆Those were her very words.那都是她的原话。◆That's the very thing I need.那正是我需要的东西。■ actual / /ˈæktʃuəl/ / [only before noun] used to emphasize the most important part of sth （强调事情最重要的部分）真正的，⋯本身◆The wedding preparations take weeks but the actual ceremony takes less than an hour.准备婚礼需要几周的时间，而婚礼仪式本身还不到一小时。■ exact [only before noun] used to emphasize that sth happens at a particular time or in a particular way （时间或方式）确切的，完全的，正好的◆We need to know the exact time the incident occurred.我们需要了解事情发生的确切时间。◆ (rather informal, especially spoken) I had the exact same problem as you when I first started.我开始时也遇到了和你完全相同的问题。 see also exact ⇨ exact ▸ exactly adverb ◆It happened almost exactly a year ago.这件事差不多正好是一年前发生的。■ precise / /prɪˈsaɪs/ / [only before noun] (rather formal) used to emphasize that sth happens at a particular time or in a particular way （时间或方式）确切的，完全的，正好的◆Doctors found it hard to establish the precise nature of her illness.医生感到难以判定她的确切病情。 see also precise ⇨ exact ▸ precisely adverb ◆The meeting starts at 2 o'clock precisely.会议2点整开始。NOTE 辨析 Exact or precise?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆at that exact / precise moment恰好在那个时候◆the exact / precise nature of sth某事的确切性质However, precise is often more formal than exact and is not used in the more informal expressions. 但是，precise常比exact正式，不用于非正式表达方式◆I had the precise same problem. demand verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ ask 2 另见ask条第2义demand ♦︎ require ♦︎ expect ♦︎ insist ♦︎ press (sb) for sth ♦︎ ask ♦︎ stipulate ♦︎ clamour ♦︎ hold out for sth ♦︎ exactThese words all mean to say that sb should do or have sth. 这些词均表示强烈要求做某事或得到某物。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to demand / require / expect / ask / exact sth from sb◆to demand / require / expect / ask sth of sb◆to ask / press / clamour / hold out for sth◆to demand / require / expect / insist / ask / stipulate that...◆to require / expect / ask sb to do sth◆to demand / require / expect / insist on high standards◆to demand / require / expect / ask a lot / too much / a great deal◆to be too much to expect / ask■ demand [transitive] to ask for sth very firmly; to say very firmly that sb should have or do sth 强烈要求（得到某物）；坚决要求（某人做某事）◆She demanded an immediate explanation.她强烈要求立即作出解释。◆The group demands a high level of loyalty from its members.该组织要求其成员高度忠诚。◆The UN has demanded that all troops be withdrawn.联合国已要求撤出所有部队。◆They demanded to see the ambassador.他们坚决要求与大使会面。 see also demand ⇨ request noun ■ require [transitive, often passive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) (rather formal) to make sb do or have sth, especially because it is necessary according to a law or set of rules or standards （尤指法律、规章或标准）规定做（某事），要求取得（某物）◆The wearing of seat belts is required by law.法律规定必须系安全带。◆Several students failed to reach the required standard.有几名学生没有达到规定的标准。◆'Hamlet' is required reading (= must be read) for the class.《哈姆雷特》是这门课的必读作品。 see also requirement ⇨ condition ■ expect [transitive] to demand that sb should do, have or be sth, especially because it is their duty or responsibility 要求，指望（尤因义务或责任）◆Are you clear about what is expected of you?你清楚大家对你的期望吗？◆Don't expect too much from him.不要对他期望过高。◆They expected all their children to be high achievers.他们期望自己所有的孩子都大有作为。◆I expect to be paid promptly for the work.我要求即时付工钱。▸ expectation noun [countable, usually plural] ◆Some parents have unrealistic expectations of their children.有些父母对孩子有不切实际的期望。◆Unfortunately the new software has failed to meet expectations.遗憾的是这种新软件没有达到期望。■ insist / /ɪnˈsɪst/ / [intransitive, transitive] to demand that sth happens or that sb agrees to do sth 坚决要求；坚持◆I didn't want to go but he insisted.我并不想去，可他硬要我去。◆We insist on the highest standards at all times.我们始终坚持最高标准。◆ (spoken) Stay and have lunch. I insist!留下来吃午饭吧，就这么定了！◆'Please come with us.' 'All right, if you insist.'“请跟我们一起来吧。”“好吧，既然你执意要我去，我就去。”◆The company insisted that the money be paid immediately.公司坚持要求马上付款。ⓘ The phrasal verb insist on/upon sth also means 'to demand sth and refuse to be persuaded to accept anything else'. 短语动词insist on/upon sth也表示“坚持要求⋯”◆We insisted on a refund of the full amount.我们坚持要求全额退款。 ▸ insistence noun [uncountable] ◆their insistence on strict standards of behaviour他们对行为坚持要求严格标准◆At her insistence, the matter was dropped.在她的坚持下，这件事被搁置了。■ ˈpress for sth■ ˈpress sb for sth phrasal verb to keep asking for sth in a determined way 不断催促；强烈要求◆They are pressing for a change in the law.他们正促请修改法律。◆The bank is pressing us for repayment of the loan.银行在催我们还贷。 see also press ⇨ press 2 ■ ask [transitive] to expect or demand sth 期望；要求◆I know I'm asking a great deal.我知道我的要求很高。◆You're asking too much of him.你对他要求得过分了。◆It's asking a lot to expect them to win again.期望他们再次获胜未免要求太高了。NOTE 辨析 Demand, expect or ask? Ask is not as strong as demand or expect, both of which can be more like a command. * ask不如demand和expect语气强烈，后两个词更像命令。■ stipulate [transitive] (formal) to state firmly and clearly that sth must be done, or how it must be done 明确要求；规定◆A delivery date is stipulated in the contract.合同中规定了交货日期。◆The job advertisement stipulates that the applicant must have teaching experience.招聘广告明确要求申请人必须有教学经验。■ clamour (BrE) (NAmE clamor) / /ˈklæmə(r)/ / [intransitive] (rather formal, written) to demand sth loudly 大声要求；吵闹着要求◆People began to clamour for his resignation.人们开始大声疾呼要求他辞职。◆Everyone was clamouring to know how much they would get.每个人都吵闹着想知道自己能得到多少。■ ˌhold ˈout for sth phrasal verb (held, held) [no passive] to refuse to accept less than what you are asking for, especially when this causes a delay in reaching an agreement 坚持得到⋯而不肯让步（尤指会拖延协议的达成）◆They are holding out for a 10% raise.他们非要加薪10%不可。■ exact [transitive] (formal) to demand and get sth from sb 要求；索取◆She was determined to exact a promise from him.她决意要他作出承诺。 |