clear adj. ⇨clear1 (It's clear to me that…)⇨clear2 (clear instructions)⇨clear3 (clear blue water)⇨sunny (a clear blue sky)⇨sure (Are you clear on that point?)clear verb ⇨clear (clear the table)⇨acquit (be cleared of murder)⇨allow (The plane was cleared for take-off.)⇨cash (the cheque cleared)⇨disappear (rain/smoke clears)⇨evacuate (clear the streets)⇨pay (clear your debts)⇨clear your throat⇨cough⇨clear the way⇨help2clear adv. ⇨steer clear⇨avoidclear noun ⇨in the clear⇨innocent
clear1
adjective
It is clear to me that...我很清楚⋯clear instructions清晰的说明clear blue water清澈碧蓝的水sunnya clear blue skysureAre you clear on that point?➡ See also the entries for ⇨ marked and ⇨ open另见marked条和open条clear ♦︎ obvious ♦︎ apparent ♦︎ evident ♦︎ plain ♦︎ self-evidentThese words all describe a fact, quality or situation that is easy to see or understand and leaves no doubts.这些词均表示清楚明白的、显而易见的、清晰易懂的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆clear / obvious / apparent / evident / plain / self-evident to sb / sth◆clear / obvious / apparent / evident / plain / self-evident from / in sb / sth◆clear / obvious / apparent / evident / self-evident what... / that...◆clear / obvious / apparent / evident / plain who / how / where / why...◆to seem clear / obvious / apparent / evident / plain / self-evident◆to become / make sth clear / obvious / apparent / evident / plain◆very / quite / perfectly clear / obvious / apparent / evident / plain◆all too clear / obvious / apparent / evident / plain◆fairly clear / obvious / evident / plain / self-evident◆far from clear / obvious / evident / self-evident◆by no means clear / obvious / self-evident■cleareasy to see or understand and leaving no doubts显而易见的；清晰易懂的；明确的◆It was quite clear to me that she was lying.我很清楚她在撒谎。◆It is not clear what they want us to do.我们不清楚他们要我们做什么。◆It is clear from the graph that sales have dropped sharply.这张图表清楚地显示了销量已经急剧下降。◆This is a clear case of fraud.这显然是一桩诈骗案。◆She won the election by a clear majority.她以明显多数赢得了选举。OPPunclear ⇨ unclear▸clearly
adverb
◆Clearly, this will cost a lot more than we realized.显然，这花费比我们原来以为的要多得多。■obviouseasy to see or understand显然的；明显的；易于理解的◆It's obvious from what she said that something is wrong.根据她说的，显然是出问题了。◆I know you don't like her but try not to make it so obvious.我知道你不喜欢她，但尽量不要表现得那么明显。◆He put his book down with obvious annoyance.他放下了书，显然很生气。◆For obvious reasons, I'd prefer not to give my name.因为显而易见的原因，我不愿披露自己的姓名。▸obviously
adverb
◆He was obviously drunk.他显然喝醉了。◆'I didn't realize it was a formal occasion.' 'Obviously!'(= I can see by the way you are dressed)“我没想到这是个正式场合。”“看得出来！”■apparent / /əˈpærənt/ / [not usually before noun] (ratherformal) easy to see or understand显然；显而易见；明白易懂◆His devotion to her was increasingly apparent.他对她的爱慕越来越明显。◆It soon became apparent to everyone that he couldn't sing.很快大家就看出来他不会唱歌。◆Then, for no apparent reason, the train suddenly stopped.接着，不知什么原因，火车突然停了下来。■evident (ratherformal) easy to see or understand显然的；明显的；易于理解的◆The growing interest in history is clearly evident in the number of people visiting museums.从参观博物馆的人数明显看出大众对历史越来越感兴趣。◆The orchestra played with evident enjoyment.管弦乐队演奏得兴致勃勃。▸evidently
adverb
◆She walked slowly down the road, evidently in pain.她沿路慢慢走着，显然很痛苦。◆'I'm afraid I couldn't finish the work last night.' 'Evidently not.'“抱歉，我昨天晚上没能完成工作。”“显然没干完。”■plaineasy to see or understand显然的；明显的；易于理解的◆He made it very plain that he wanted us to leave.他非常明确地表示希望我们离开。◆She made her annoyance plain.她满脸不耐烦。◆The facts were plain to see.事实显而易见。▸plainly
adverb
◆She had no right to interfere in what was plainly a family matter.这明摆着是别人的家务事，她无权干涉。◆Plainly something was wrong.很显然出了问题。NOTE辨析 Which word?These words all have almost exactly the same meaning. There are slight differences in register and patterns of use. If you make sth clear/plain, you do so deliberately because you want people to understand sth; if you make sth obvious, you usually do it without meaning to.这些词意思几乎相同，只是在语体风格和句型使用上稍有区别。make sth clear/plain表示刻意使别人明白；make sth obvious通常表示并非刻意◆I hope I make myself clear / plain.我希望我讲得清楚。◆I hope I make myself obvious.◆Try not to make your dislike so obvious.尽量不要把你的厌恶表现得那么明显。◆Try not to make it so clear/plain.In the expressions clear majority, for obvious reasons, for no apparent reason and plain to see, none of the other words can be used instead. Apparent and evident are both rather formal. They can always be replaced by obvious. Obvious and evident can be used before a noun for an emotion, meaning that the emotion is easy to see with your eyes.在clear majority（明显多数）、for obvious reasons（因为显而易见的原因）、for no apparent reason（没有明显的原因）和plain to see（显而易见）这些固定短语中，表示明显的词不能替换。apparent和evident都很正式，可用obvious替换。obvious 和evident均可用于表示情感的名词前，表示这种情感表现得很明显◆Jane took the letter and read it out with obvious / evident reluctance.简接过信，显然很不情愿地大声读出来。In apparent reluctance, apparent has the meaning of 'seeming'. * apparent reluctance表示看上去似乎不情愿。 see also apparent ⇨ apparent■ˌself-ˈevidentso obvious that it needs no further proof or explanation显而易见的；不言而喻的；明摆着的◆The dangers of such action are self-evident.这样子行动，危险是明摆着的。◆a self-evident truth不证自明的真理
clear2
adjective
It is clear to me that...我很清楚⋯clear instructions清晰的说明clear blue water清澈碧蓝的水sunnya clear blue skysureAre you clear on that point?clear ♦︎ explicit ♦︎ plain ♦︎ express ♦︎ accessible ♦︎ unambiguous ♦︎ intelligible ♦︎ comprehensible ♦︎ lucidThese words all describe speech or writing that is easy to understand and does not cause any confusion.这些词均表示语言文字清晰易懂的、明确无疑的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆clear / explicit / unambiguous about sth◆clear / plain / accessible / intelligible / comprehensible to sb◆clear / explicit / express instructions / directions◆a clear / an accessible / a lucid style◆clear / plain / intelligible / comprehensible language / English◆to make sth clear / explicit / plain / accessible / intelligible / comprehensible (to sb)◆to make yourself clear / explicit / plain◆to make it clear / explicit / plain that...◆quite clear / explicit / plain / accessible / unambiguous / intelligible / comprehensible◆perfectly clear / plain / intelligible / comprehensible■cleareasy to understand and not causing any confusion清晰易懂的；明白清楚的；不含混的◆She gave me clear and precise directions.她给了我清晰而准确的指示。◆Your meaning needs to be crystal clear.你的意思要非常清楚。◆You'll do as you're told. Is that clear?叫你做什么你就去做什么，明白吗？◆This behaviour must stop! Do I make myself clear?(= used when you are angrily telling sb what they should do).这种行为必须停止！我讲得够清楚了吧？OPPunclear ⇨ unclear, confusing ⇨ confusing▸clearly
adverb
◆She explained everything very clearly.她把一切都解释得很明白。■explicit / /ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/ / (ratherformal) saying sth clearly in a way that is easy to understand; said, done or shown in an open or direct way, so that there is no doubt（说话）清晰易懂的，直截了当的；不隐晦的◆The author is quite explicit about her political bias.作者她对自己的政治偏见毫不隐晦。◆The reasons for the decisions should be made explicit.应该直截了当给出决定的理由。◆She made some very explicit references to my personal life.有几处她很直白地提到了我的私生活。ⓘ Explicit is also used to talk about books, films, language and pictures that describe or show sex in a clear and detailed way. * explicit还用于谈及书、电影、语言和图片清楚、具体地描述或展示性的内容◆sexually explicit films / material / language有露骨性爱场面的电影；赤裸裸描述性爱的材料／语言Explicit language always refers to sex, even if the word 'sexually' is not used. If you want to talk about language that is clear and easy to understand, use clear, plain or unambiguous. * explicit language（露骨的语言）总是与性有关，即使没有用sexually这个词。要表示语言清楚不含混，可以用clear、plain或unambiguous。▸explicitly
adverb
◆He made this point much more explicitly in his next speech.他在他下一次的演讲中将这一点讲得更加清楚。■plaineasy to understand易于理解的；清楚的；浅白的◆He made it plain that we should leave.他明确表示要我们离开。◆Her intentions were plain enough.她的意图再清楚不过。◆Teachers should encourage students to write in plain English.教师应鼓励学生用平白的英文写作。 see also plain ⇨ plainadj.2▸plainly
adverb
◆The agreement plainly states that all damage must be paid for.协议明确规定，一切损坏必须赔偿。■express (formal) (of a wish or aim) clearly and openly stated（愿望或目的）明确的，明白表示的◆It was his express wish that you should have his gold watch after he died.他明确表示死后把金表留给你。◆I came here with the express purpose of speaking with the manager.我特意来这里与经理面谈。▸expressly
adverb
◆She was expressly forbidden to touch my papers.已经明确禁止她动我的文件。■accessible / /əkˈsesəbl/ / (especiallywritten) easy for most people to understand（对大多数人）易懂的，容易理解的◆Her poetry is always very accessible.她的诗歌总是十分浅白。◆The programme tries to make science more accessible to young people.这项计划试图使科学更容易为年轻人所了解。■unambiguous / /ˌʌnæmˈbɪgjuəs/ / clear in meaning, especially because it can only be understood in only one way意思清楚的；明确的；无歧义的◆The message was clear and unambiguous: get out of town.意思很清楚：滚出城去。OPPambiguous ⇨ misleading▸unambiguously
adverb
◆The essential information should be displayed clearly and unambiguously.关键信息应当清楚明白地显示。■intelligible / /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəbl/ / (ratherformal) that can be understood能懂的；可理解的◆The child's speech was barely intelligible.那个小孩子的话很难懂。OPPunintelligible ⇨ confusing▸intelligibly
adverb
◆You need to be able to write clearly and intelligibly.你要能写得清晰易懂。■comprehensible / /ˌkɒmprɪˈhensəbl/ / (ratherformal) that can be understood能懂的；可理解的◆The novel is easily comprehensible to the average reader.那本小说一般读者都容易读懂。OPPincomprehensible ⇨ confusingNOTE辨析 Intelligible or comprehensible?These words are very similar and in most cases you can use either. Intelligible is used slightly more to talk about sb's speech or language; comprehensible is used slightly more for ideas, actions and processes.这两个词意思很接近，在多数情况下可通用。intelligible稍多用于形容人的谈话或语言； comprehensible稍多用于形容想法、行动或过程。■lucid / /ˈluːsɪd/ / (especiallywritten) (especially of sb's writing) clearly expressed and easy to understand（尤指行文）表达清楚的，易懂的◆She writes in a very lucid style.她的写作风格非常明晰易懂。◆It was a lucid account of the main facts of the case.这是对该案件主要事实清楚的表述。
clear3
adjective
It is clear to me that...我很清楚⋯clear instructions清晰的说明clear blue water清澈碧蓝的水sunnya clear blue skysureAre you clear on that point?clear ♦︎ transparent ♦︎ translucent ♦︎ colourless ♦︎ see-throughThese words all describe sth which you can see through.这些词均表示透明的、清澈的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆clear / transparent / translucent glass◆clear / transparent / see-through plastic◆clear / transparent / colourless varnish◆a clear / colourless liquid◆clear / translucent skin◆almost transparent / translucent / colourless■clearthat you can see through透明的；清澈的◆Items must be carried in a clear plastic bag.物品必须装在透明塑料袋中运送。◆The water was so clear we could see the bottom of the lake.湖水清澈见底。◆The water comes out of the spring crystal clear(= completely clear) and totally pure.涌出的泉水清澈至纯。OPPcloudyⓘ Cloudy liquid is not very clear because it contains lots of small bits of dust or another substance. * cloudy指液体含有杂质而浑浊的、不清澈的◆The water looked cloudy and not fit to drink.水看上去很浑浊，不适合饮用。■transparentthat you can see through透明的；清澈的◆The insect's wings are almost transparent.这种昆虫的翅膀几近透明。◆I've covered the photographs with transparent plastic sheets.我已用透明塑料薄膜对照片进行塑封。OPPopaqueⓘ Opaque glass or liquid is not clear enough to see through or allow light through. * opaque指玻璃或液体不透明的、不透光的◆If you add water to the glass the liquid will go milky and opaque.如果向玻璃杯中加水，液体就会呈乳白色并变浑浊。NOTE辨析 Clear or transparent?Clear is the word used most often to describe water. When it is used to describe things other than water it usually comes before the noun. * clear最常用来形容水。当用它形容水以外的东西时，常位于名词前◆clear blue water清澈碧蓝的水◆The water was blue and clear.水湛蓝清澈。◆a clear plastic bag一个透明塑料袋◆The plastic bag was clear.Transparent is usually used to describe solid things or material, not liquids (except varnish). * transparent常用于形容固态物品或材质，而非液体（varnish除外）。■translucent /trænsˈluːsnt, trænzˈluːsnt/ (written) allowing light to pass through but not transparent半透明的◆The sky was a pale translucent blue.天空隐约呈淡蓝色。◆His skin was translucent with age.他因年老肤色有些暗淡。■colourless (BrE) (NAmEcolorless) without colour or very pale无色的；苍白的◆Water is a colourless compound of hydrogen and oxygen.水是无色的氢氧化合物。◆Her illness had left her face deathly white and her lips colourless.疾病让她面色惨白，嘴唇苍白。■ˈsee-through [usually before noun](of clothes or fabric) very thin so that you can see through it（衣服或织物）薄至透明的◆She was wearing a see-through blouse.她穿了一件透明的女式衬衫。
sunny
adjective
sunny ♦︎ dry ♦︎ clear ♦︎ good ♦︎ temperate ♦︎ fine ♦︎ mild ♦︎ gloriousThese words all describe good weather.这些词均表示天气好的、晴朗的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sunny / dry / clear / good / fine / mild / glorious weather◆a sunny / dry / clear / fine / mild / glorious day / morning / evening / afternoon◆sunny / dry / clear / good / fine (weather) conditions◆a sunny / dry / mild spell◆a dry / temperate / mild climate◆to remain / stay sunny / dry / fine / mild■sunny (approving) with a lot of bright light from the sun阳光充足的◆It was a brilliantly sunny day in June.那是6月里一个阳光明媚的日子。◆The outlook for the weekend is warm and sunny.预计本周末天气温暖晴朗。◆These plants grow best in a sunny spot.这些植物在阳光充足的地方生长得最好。ⓘ Sunny is a positive word that you use when you are enjoying the sunshine. It is not used when the sun is unpleasantly hot. * sunny是个褒义词，用于指阳光令人愉快。阳光热得令人难受时则不用该词。OPPcloudy ⇨ cloudy, shady ⇨ dark1■drywith very little rain雨少的；干旱的；干燥的◆weeks of hot dry weather连续几周炎热干燥的天气◆the dry season旱季◆I hope it stays dry for our picnic.我希望我们野餐时别下雨。◆Rattlesnakes occur in the warmer, drier parts of North America.响尾蛇出现在北美洲的温暖干燥地区。OPPwet ⇨ wet2 see also drought ⇨ heatnoun2■clearwithout any cloud or mist无云（或雾）的；晴朗的◆The weather was bright and clear.天气晴朗，万里无云。◆a clear blue sky晴朗的碧空◆On a clear day, you can see the mountains in the distance.天气晴朗时你可以看见远处的群山。OPPcloudy,misty,foggy ⇨ cloudy■good (approving) good weather is the type of weather that you want, for example because it is not cold or raining（天气）好的，温和的；晴朗的◆Let's hope we have good weather tomorrow.咱们盼着明天好天气吧。OPPbad ⇨ wet2■temperate / /ˈtempərət/ / [usually before noun] (technical术语) (of a climate or region) having a mild temperature, without extremes of heat or cold（气候或地区）气候温和的；温带的◆a country with a temperate climate气候温和的国家◆In winter, the birds fly from the Arctic to more temperate zones.冬天，候鸟从北极迁徙到温带地区。■fine (especially BrE, approving) bright and without rain晴朗的；无雨的◆The next morning turned out fine again.第二天早上天气又转晴了。◆That summer saw weeks of fine dry weather.那个夏天好几周天气都很干燥晴朗。■mildnot very cold, and therefore pleasant（天气）温和的；和煦的◆That winter was exceptionally mild.那个冬天格外温和。◆Most of the birds seek out milder climates during the winter months.大多数鸟儿冬天都要寻找温和的气候。ⓘ Mild is used especially to talk about weather that you might expect to be cold, for example winter weather, or when you are comparing an area with another area that is colder. * mild尤用于指预计会寒冷的天气（例如冬季的天气）并不寒冷，或者把一个地区与另一个更寒冷的地区作比较。OPPcold ⇨ cold1, harsh ⇨ harsh see also mild ⇨ gentle■glorious (approving) hot, with the sun shining热的；阳光灿烂的；晴朗的◆They had three weeks of glorious sunshine.他们度过了三周阳光灿烂的日子。
sure
adjective
sure ♦︎ confident ♦︎ convinced ♦︎ certain ♦︎ positive ♦︎ clear ♦︎ satisfiedThese words all describe sb who knows without doubt that sth is true or will happen.这些词均表示确信、肯定。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺下图显示这些词所表达确信的程度
clear
➔
sure
➔
confident
satisfied
certain
convinced
positive
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sure / confident / convinced / certain / positive / clear about sth◆sure / confident / convinced / certain / satisfied of sth◆sure / confident / convinced / certain / positive / clear / satisfied that...◆sure / certain / clear / satisfied who / what / how, etc.◆to feel sure / confident / convinced / certain / positive / satisfied◆quite / absolutely / completely / fairly / pretty sure / confident / convinced / certain / positive / clear / satisfied◆fully confident / convinced / satisfied◆not altogether sure / confident / convinced / certain / clear / satisfied◆(not) very sure / confident■sure [not before noun] without any doubt that you are right, that sth is true, that you will get sth or that sth will happen确信；确知；肯定；有把握◆'Is that John over there?' 'I'm not sure.'“那边那个人是约翰吗？”“我说不准。”◆You don't sound very sure.听你这口气，你也不大肯定。◆Are you sure about that?这事你肯定吗？◆England must win this game to be sure of qualifying.英格兰队必须赢得这场比赛才能确保获得参赛资格。◆Are you sure you don't mind?你确实不在意吗？◆Ask me if you're not sure how to do it.你要是拿不准怎么做，就问我。ⓘ Sure is often used in negative statements and questions, because there is some doubt or anxiety over the matter. If there is no doubt, people often say quite sure. * sure常用于否定陈述和疑问句中，表示对事情有所怀疑或担忧。如果毫无疑问，则常用quite sure◆I'm quite sure (that) I left my bag here(= I have no doubt about it).我肯定是把包丢在这里的。◆I'm pretty sure (that) he'll agree(= but it is still just possible that he won't).我相当肯定他会同意的。OPPunsure ⇨ unsure▸surely
adverb
◆Surely you don't think I was responsible for this?你不会真的以为这事是我的责任吧？◆'They're getting married.' 'Surely not!'“他们要结婚了。”“不会吧！”■confidentcompletely sure that sth will happen in the way that you want or expect肯定；确信；有把握◆I'm quite confident that you'll get the job.我很确信你会得到那份工作。◆The team feels confident of winning.这个队觉得有把握取胜。ⓘ Confident is a stronger and more definite word than sure and is more often used in positive statements, when you feel no anxiety. * confident比sure语气更强，而且更肯定，常用于肯定陈述中表示不感到忧虑◆She was quietly confident that everything would go as planned.她心里相信一切都会按计划进行。◆She was quietly sure that... see also confidence ⇨ faith▸confidently
adverb
◆The report asserts confidently that the industry will grow.报告断言该行业肯定会发展起来。■convinced / /kənˈvɪnst/ / [not before noun] completely sure that sth is true or right, especially because the evidence seems to prove it or sb else has persuaded you to believe it（尤因有证据或被说服）坚信，深信，确信◆I'm totally convinced of her innocence.我完全相信她是清白无辜的。◆I'm convinced that she's innocent.我坚信她是清白无辜的。◆Sam nodded but he didn't look convinced.萨姆点了点头，可他看起来仍未完全相信。OPPunconvincedⓘ If you are unconvinced of sth, you don't believe it or are not sure about it, despite what you have been told. * unconvinced表示尽管已被告知某事，但仍不相信或不肯定◆I remain unconvinced of the need for change.我仍然怀疑改革的必要性。◆She seemed unconvinced by their promises.她似乎不相信他们的许诺。 see also convince ⇨ convince■certain [not usually before noun] sure that you are right or that sth is true确信；确定；无疑◆Are you absolutely certain about this?你对这事绝对确信无疑吗？◆She wasn't certain (that) he'd seen her.她不敢肯定他是否见过自己。OPPuncertain ⇨ unsure see also certainty ⇨ faithNOTE辨析 Sure or certain?Like sure, certain is often used in negative statements and questions. It is slightly more formal than sure; sure is more frequent, especially in spoken English.跟sure一样，certain常用于否定陈述和疑问句中，但比sure稍正式些。sure更常用，尤其在口语中。■positive [not before noun] (ratherinformal, especiallyspoken) completely sure that sth is true有绝对把握；确信；肯定◆She was positive that he'd been there.她确信他曾去过那里。◆'Are you sure?' 'Positive.'“你敢肯定吗？”“绝对肯定。”■clear (often used in negative statements and questions常用于否定陈述和疑问句) having no doubt or confusion about sth无疑的；清楚的；明白的◆My memory isn't really clear on that point.那一点我记得不太清楚。◆I'm still not clear what the job entails.我仍然不清楚这项工作的内容。◆We need a clear understanding of the problems involved.我们需要清楚了解所涉及的各种问题。OPPvague ⇨ vague■satisfied [not before noun] believing or accepting that sth is true确信；信服◆Police were satisfied that the death was accidental.警方确信这是一次意外死亡。 see also satisfy ⇨ convince
clear
verb
clear ♦︎ empty ♦︎ drain ♦︎ unload ♦︎ unpackThese words all mean to remove things from somewhere or take things out of sth.这些词均表示清走、清空或取出、卸下。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to clear / empty / drain sth of sth◆to empty / drain / unload the contents of sth◆to empty / unpack a suitcase / bag◆to unload / unpack a car / the shopping◆to empty / drain water from sth◆to empty / drain your glass■clear [transitive] to remove sth that is not wanted or needed from a place移走，搬走，清理（不要的东西）◆Clear all those papers off the desk.把桌上那些文件都拿走。◆It's your turn to clear the table(= to take away the dirty plates and other things after a meal).轮到你收拾餐桌了。◆She cleared a space on the sofa for him to sit down.她在沙发上清出一块地方让他坐下。◆It was several hours before the road was cleared after the accident.事故过去几个小时后道路才畅通。◆It's time your toys were cleared away.该收走你的玩具了。ⓘ Clear away can also be used without an object. * clear away后可以不接宾语◆He cleared away and made coffee.他把东西收拾好以后煮了咖啡。 see also block ⇨ block2■empty [transitive] to remove everything that is in a container; to take out the contents of sth and put them somewhere else倒空；腾空；掏空；把⋯移出（置于别处）◆I emptied out my pockets but could not find my keys.我把口袋里的东西都掏出来，却仍然找不到我的钥匙。◆She emptied the water out of the vase.她把水从花瓶里倒了出来。◆He emptied the ashtrays, washed the glasses and went to bed.他清理了烟灰缸，洗完杯子就上床睡觉了。◆The room had been emptied of all furniture.屋里所有的家具都已经搬走了。◆She emptied the contents of her bag onto the table.她把包里的东西全倒在了桌上。OPPfill ⇨ fill see also empty ⇨ drainverb, empty ⇨ empty■drain [transitive] to make sth empty or dry by removing all the liquid from it使（液体）流光；使排空；使控干◆Drain and rinse the pasta.把通心粉过一过水。◆The marshes have been drained.沼泽地里的水已经排干。◆You will need to turn off the water and drain the tank.你得先把水关上，再把水槽排空。■unload [transitive, intransitive] to remove things from a vehicle or ship after it has taken them somewhere; to remove the contents of sth after you have finished using it, especially the bullets from a gun or the film from a camera（从车、船上）卸，取下；拆掉，退出，取出（尤指子弹或胶卷）◆Everyone helped to unload the luggage from the car.大家都帮着从车上卸行李。◆This isn't a suitable place to unload the van.这个地方不适宜卸车。◆The truck driver was waiting to unload.卡车司机在等着卸货。◆Each time a gun is laid down it must first be broken and unloaded.每次把枪放回去时，都必须先把枪膛打开，退出子弹。OPPload ⇨ fill■unpack / /ˌʌnˈpæk/ / [transitive, intransitive] to take things out of a suitcase, bag, etc. when you arrive somewhere after a journey打开（箱、包等）；从（箱、包等中）取出◆I unpacked my bags as soon as I arrived.我一到达就打开行李，整理衣物。◆She unpacked all the clothes she needed and left the rest in the case.她取出所有要穿的衣服，其余的都留在箱子里。◆She went to her room to unpack.她回到自己的房间，打开行李取出衣物。OPPpack ⇨ fill
acquit
verb
acquit ♦︎ clear ♦︎ exonerate ♦︎ vindicate ♦︎ absolveThese words all mean to state that sb is not guilty of doing sth wrong or illegal.这些词均表示宣判无罪。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to acquit / clear / exonerate / absolve sb of sth◆a defendant is acquitted / cleared / exonerated■acquit / /əˈkwɪt/ / (-tt-) [transitive] (ratherformal, especiallywritten) to decide and state officially in court that sb is not guilty of a crime宣判⋯无罪◆The jury acquitted him of murder.陪审团判定他谋杀罪名不成立。◆She was acquitted on all charges.她获宣判所有罪名不成立。OPPconvictⓘ To convict sb is to decide and state officially in court that sb is guilty of a crime. * convict指宣判有罪◆He was convicted of fraud.他被判犯有诈骗罪。◆a convicted murderer已定罪的谋杀犯▸acquittal / /əˈkwɪtl/ /
noun
[countable, uncountable] ◆ (ratherformal, especiallywritten) The case resulted in an acquittal.此案最终作出无罪判决。◆The jury voted for acquittal.陪审团表决赞成判定无罪。■clear [transitive] to prove officially that sb is not guilty of a crime证明⋯无罪（或无辜）◆She was cleared of all charges against her.对她的所有指控均已撤销。◆Throughout his years in prison, he fought to clear his name.整个服刑期间，他都在为证明自己的清白而抗争。 see also in the clear ⇨ innocentNOTE辨析 Acquit or clear?When you are talking about the result of a trial in court you can use either word, although acquit is more formal.在谈及法庭审判结果时，两个词都可以用，但是acquit较正式◆He was acquitted / cleared of murder.他获判谋杀罪名不成立。Clear can also be used when sb has been convicted(= found guilty)of a crime, but successfully campaigns to have the conviction overturned(= cancelled). * clear也可用于虽被判有罪，却成功翻案的情况◆After spending more than ten years on death row, the two men were finally cleared of a crime they did not commit.在死囚牢房里监禁了超过十年后，这两个人最终洗脱罪名。■exonerate / /ɪgˈzɒnəreɪt; NAmEɪgˈzɑːnəreɪt/ [transitive] (formal) to state officially that sb is not responsible for a crime or dishonest act that they have been blamed for宣布⋯无罪；免除⋯的责任◆The king cannot be exonerated from responsibility for the massacre.国王对那场大屠杀有不可推卸的责任。■vindicate /ˈvɪndɪkeɪt/ / [transitive] (formal) to prove that sb is not guilty of a crime or dishonest act that they have been accused of证明⋯无罪；澄清⋯的嫌疑◆New evidence emerged, vindicating him completely.新证据出现了，彻底证明他是无辜的。NOTE辨析 Exonerate or vindicate?You can be exonerated by a person or report that states officially that you are not guilty; you are vindicated by evidence that proves you are not guilty.由某人或通过报告正式宣布无罪用exonerate，通过证据证明无罪用vindicate。■absolve /əbˈzɒlv; NAmEəbˈzɑːlv/ [transitive] (ratherformal, especiallywritten) to state officially that sb is not guilty or responsible for sth宣告⋯无罪；免除⋯的责任◆The court absolved him of all responsibility for the accident.法院宣布他对此事故不负任何责任。
allow
verb
allow ♦︎ let ♦︎ grant ♦︎ permit ♦︎ entitle ♦︎ authorize ♦︎ license ♦︎ qualify ♦︎ OK ♦︎ sanction ♦︎ empower ♦︎ clearThese words all mean to decide or say that sb may do sth or receive sth, or that sth may happen.这些词均表示允许、准许、批准。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to allow / permit / entitle / authorize / license / empower / clear sb to do sth◆to let sb do sth◆to allow / let / permit yourself sth / (to) do sth◆to allow / be entitled to / authorize / sanction payment◆to be legally allowed / permitted / entitled / authorized / sanctioned / empowered◆to be officially allowed / permitted / entitled / authorized / sanctioned◆to be (not) normally allowed / granted / permitted / entitled◆to automatically grant sth / entitle sb to sth / qualify sb for sth■allow [transitive] to decide or say that sb may do or have sth, or that sth may happen or be done允许；准许◆His parents won't allow him to stay out late.他的父母不允许他在外面待到很晚。◆He is not allowed to stay out late.他不可以在外面待到很晚。◆Smoking is not allowed in here.这里不准吸烟。◆No dogs allowed(= you cannot bring them in).禁止携狗入内。◆The prisoners are allowed out of their cells for two hours a day.囚犯每天可以放风两个小时。◆You're allowed half an hour to complete the test.你有半个小时完成这个测试。◆I sometimes allow myself the luxury of a cigar.我偶尔让自己奢侈一下，吸支雪茄。◆He allowed his mind to wander.他任思绪畅游。OPPforbid ⇨ banverb■let(letting, let, let) [transitive] to allow sb to do sth or allow sth to happen without trying to stop it允许；让◆They never let the children play outside.他们从不让孩子到外边玩耍。◆I wanted to drive but she wouldn't let me.我想开车，但她不让。◆Don't let it upset you.别让那件事搅得你心烦。◆Let me help you with your luggage.让我帮你提行李吧。ⓘ When it means 'allow' let is not used in the passive.表示允许之义时，let不用于被动语态◆The children are never let play outside.However, let can also mean 'to open a door so that sb can go in or out' and in this meaning it can be active or passive.但是let还有“开门准许进出”之义，这时，主动语态和被动语态都可以使用◆I'll give you a key so you can let yourself in.我给你一把钥匙，你可以自行进入。◆The cat wants to be let out.这只猫想要出去。Note the difference between let sb out(= open the door for them)and allow sb out(= give them permission to go out).注意区分let sb out（打开门让某人出去）和allow sb out（准许某人出去）。■grant [transitive, often passive] (ratherformal) to agree to give sb what they ask for, especially formal or legal permission to do sth（尤指正式地或法律上）同意，准予◆Planning permission for the development was granted last week.上周下发了开发规划许可。◆The government granted an amnesty to all political prisoners.政府赦免了所有政治犯。◆She was granted a divorce.她获准离婚。◆Her wish was granted.她得偿所愿了。 see also award ⇨ give1■permit / /pəˈmɪt; NAmEpərˈmɪt/ (-tt-) [transitive] (formal) to allow sb to do sth; to allow sth to happen允许；准许◆The banks were not permitted to invest overseas.这些银行不许投资海外。◆The rules of the club do not permit it.俱乐部规定不可以这样做。◆Radios are not permitted in the library.图书馆内不许使用收音机。◆Permit me to make a suggestion.容我提个建议吧。OPPban,forbid,prohibit ⇨ banverb see also permission ⇨ permission, permit ⇨ licencenoun■entitle /ɪnˈtaɪtl/ / [transitive, often passive] to give sb the right to have or do sth使享有权利；使符合资格◆Passengers will be entitled to a full refund of the cost of the ticket.乘客购票款可全额退还。◆Of course, he's entitled to his opinion but I think he's wrong.当然，他有权发表他的看法，但是我认为他错了。 see also entitlement ⇨ rightnoun■authorize (BrE alsoauthorise) / /ˈɔːθəraɪz/ / [transitive] to give official permission for sth, or for sb to do sth批准；授权◆I can authorize payments up to £5 000.我有权批准的付款限额是5 000英镑。◆I have authorized him to act for me while I am away.我已授权他在我外出时做我的全权代表。OPPprohibit ⇨ banverb see also authorization ⇨ permission, authorization ⇨ licencenoun■license (BrE also, less frequentlicence) / /ˈlaɪsns/ / [transitive] to give sb official permission to do, own or use sth; to give official permission for sth to be done批准；许可◆The drug is not licensed for long-term use.这种药不得长期服用。◆The hotel is licensed to sell alcohol.这家旅馆有售酒许可。◆The company plans to license the technology to others.公司计划将这项技术转让他人。 see also licence ⇨ licencenoun■qualify [intransitive, transitive] to have the right to do or receive sth; to give sb this right有权；使有权◆You have to be over 60 to qualify.你得60岁以上才有资格。◆She didn't qualify for a full pension.她没有权利享受全额养老金。◆Membership of the scheme qualifies you for the discount.作为这个计划的成员，你有权享受打折优惠。■OK ( okay) [transitive] (informal) to officially agree to sth or allow it to happen正式批准；同意◆The chairman OK'd the request.主席答应了那个请求。◆The property has to be valued before a mortgage loan is OK'd.要取得按揭贷款得先对房产进行估价。■sanction / /ˈsæŋkʃn/ / [transitive] (formal) to give permission for sth to happen许可；准许◆The military refused to sanction a transfer of power to a civilian government.军方拒绝将权力移交给文官政府。■empower / /ɪmˈpaʊə(r)/ / [transitive, often passive] (formal) to give sb the power or authority to do sth赋予权力；授权◆The courts were empowered to impose the death sentence for certain crimes.法院有权对某些罪行的犯人判处死刑。■clear [transitive] to give or get official approval for sth to be done; to give official permission for a person, ship, plane or goods to leave or enter a place, or for a person to be given special work or see special papers准许；批准（人、船、飞机或货物）进入（或离开）；批准（做机密工作或阅读机密文件）◆I'll have to clear it with the manager before I can refund your money.我要得到经理批准后才能给你退款。◆The plane had been cleared for take-off.飞机已得到起飞许可。◆She hasn't been cleared by security.她尚未得到安保部门的批准做机要工作。 see also clearance ⇨ permission
cash
verb
cash ♦︎ exchange ♦︎ cash sth in ♦︎ change ♦︎ clearThese words all mean to exchange money in one form for the same value of money in a different form.这些词均表示兑换货币。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cash / change traveller's cheques◆to cash / clear a cheque◆to exchange / change your currency / pounds / dollars for / into pounds / dollars / the local currency■cash [transitive] to exchange a cheque for the amount of money that it is worth兑现（支票）◆The company cashed my cheque but then failed to send the goods I'd ordered.那家公司兑现了我的支票，之后却没按我的订单发货。 see also cash ⇨ moneynoun2■exchange [transitive] to give an amount of money and get back the same value in the money of another country兑换（货币）◆You can exchange your currency for dollars in the hotel.可以在旅馆将钱兑换成美元。■ˌcash sth ˈin
phrasal verb
to exchange sth, such as an insurance policy, for the amount of money which it is then worth, before the date on which you would normally receive the full amount of money把（保险单等）提前兑现◆It's not a good idea to cash in your bonds before the five years are up.提前兑现你的五年期债券并不明智。■change [transitive] (especiallyspoken) to exchange money into the money of another country; to exchange money for the same amount in different coins or notes兑换（成另一国货币）；将⋯换成零钱◆Where can I change my traveller's cheques?我可以到哪里兑换旅行支票？◆Can you change a £20 note?你能把一张20英镑的钞票换成零钱吗？ see also change ⇨ moneynoun2■clear [intransitive, transitive] if a cheque that you pay into your bank account clears, or a bank clears it, the money is available for you to use兑现（支票）◆Cheques usually take three working days to clear.兑现支票通常需要三个工作日。
disappear
verb
disappear ♦︎ vanish ♦︎ fade ♦︎ die out ♦︎ dissolve ♦︎ clear ♦︎ meltThese words all mean to stop existing or being in a place.这些词均表示消失、消逝、绝迹。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to disappear / vanish / fade / dissolve / melt into sth◆to fade / melt away◆anger / hope disappears / vanishes / fades / melts◆a smile disappears / vanishes / fades◆cloud / smoke / mist disappears / clears◆a species disappears / vanishes / dies out◆a tradition / custom disappears / dies out◆disappear / vanish / fade / die out / dissolve / clear completely◆disappear / fade / die out / dissolve / clear gradually◆to disappear / vanish / fade from view / sight◆to disappear / vanish / melt into thin air■disappear [intransitive] to become impossible to see; to stop existing; to be lost or impossible to find消失；不复存在；失踪◆The plane disappeared behind a cloud.飞机消失在云层里。◆The problem won't just disappear.这个问题不会就这样不了了之。◆Our countryside is disappearing at an alarming rate.我们的乡村地区正以惊人的速度消亡。◆The child disappeared from his home some time after four.那孩子4点多钟就离家不见了。OPPappear ⇨ appear▸disappearance
noun
[uncountable, countable] ◆Police are investigating the disappearance of a young woman.警方正在调查一名年轻女子的失踪案。OPPappearance ⇨ arrival1■vanish / /ˈvænɪʃ/ / [intransitive] to disappear suddenly and/or in a way that you cannot explain; to stop existing（莫名其妙地）突然消失；不复存在；绝迹◆The magician vanished in a puff of smoke.魔术师在一阵烟雾中突然不见了。◆My glasses seem to have vanished.我的眼镜似乎不翼而飞了。◆The boys vanished without trace during a snowstorm.那些男孩在一次暴风雪中消失得无影无踪。◆All hopes of a peaceful settlement had now vanished.和平解决的一切希望现在都已化作泡影。■fade [intransitive] to disappear gradually逐渐消失；逐渐消逝◆Her smile faded.她的笑容渐渐消失了。◆The laughter faded away.笑声逐渐消逝了。◆His voice faded to a whisper(= gradually became quieter).他的声音越来越低，渐渐地变成了耳语。◆All other issues fade into insignificance compared with the struggle for survival.与挣扎求生相比，所有其他问题都显得不重要了。■ˌdie ˈout
phrasal verb
(of types of animal or plant; of customs and traditions) to stop existing（动植物）灭绝；（习俗和传统）消失◆The report estimates that up to 40 000 species will have died out by the end of the century.报告估计到本世纪末将有多达4万个物种灭绝。◆Most of these traditions died out during the 19th century.这些传统大多数在19世纪就消失了。■dissolve /dɪˈzɒlv; NAmEdɪˈzɑːlv/ [intransitive, transitive] (ratherformalorliterary) to disappear; to make sth disappear消除；（使）消失，消散◆When the ambulance had gone, the crowd dissolved.救护车开走后人群便散去了。◆His calm response dissolved her confusion.他平静的回答消除了她的困惑。■clear [intransitive](of the sky or weather) to become brighter and free of cloud or rain; (of smoke or fog) to disappear so that it is easier to see things（天空或天气）放晴，转晴；（烟或雾）消散，散去◆The sky cleared after the storm.暴风雨后，天晴了。◆The rain is clearing slowly.雨渐渐停下来。◆As the smoke cleared, two fighter planes came into view.随着烟雾的消散，两架战斗机进入了视线。OPPcloud ⇨ darken■melt [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) (of people or feelings) to disappear gradually（人）逐渐散去；（感觉）渐渐消失◆At the first sign of trouble, his supporters melted away.一见到有麻烦的迹象，他的支持者便逐渐散去。◆All her anger and hurt melted away in his embrace.他的拥抱使她的怒气和委屈渐渐消失了。
evacuate
verb
➡ See also the entries for ⇨ exclude2 and ⇨ expel另见exclude条第2义和expel条evacuate ♦︎ throw sb out ♦︎ evict ♦︎ clear ♦︎ eject ♦︎ kick sb out ♦︎ chuck sb out ♦︎ move sb onThese words all mean to force sb to leave a place.这些词均表示撵走、逐出。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to evacuate / evict / eject sb from a place◆to throw / kick / chuck sb out of a place◆to evacuate / evict / eject a person◆to evacuate / clear a place / building◆to evacuate / throw sb out of / evict sb from a house◆the police evacuate / evict sb from / clear / eject sb from / move sb on from a place◆a landlord throws sb out / evicts sb / ejects sb / kicks sb out / chucks sb out■evacuate / /ɪˈvækjueɪt/ / [transitive] (ratherformal) to move people from a place of danger to a safer place（把人从危险的地方）疏散，转移，撤离◆Children were evacuated from London to escape the bombing.为躲避轰炸，孩子们都撤离了伦敦。◆Police evacuated nearby buildings.警察疏散了附近大楼里的人。ⓘ Note that you can evacuate people (children, families, refugees, civilians, troops or forces) or a place (a building, an area, a school).注意evacuate的宾语可以是人（如children、family、refugee、civilian、troop或forces），也可以是场所（如building、area、school）。 see also evacuee ⇨ refugee▸evacuation
noun
[uncountable, countable] ◆the emergency evacuation of thousands of people after the earthquake地震后数千人的紧急疏散■ˌthrow sb ˈout
phrasal verb
(threw, threw) (ratherinformal) to force sb to leave a place or organization, especially so they cannot come back撵走，轰走，逐出（使不能再进入）◆She threw him out and had the locks changed.她把他撵走之后换了锁。◆He's been thrown out of every art college in London.他被一所又一所的伦敦艺术学院逐了出来。■evict / /ɪˈvɪkt/ / [transitive] to force sb to leave a house or land, especially when you have the legal right to do so（尤指依法从住宅或土地上）驱逐，赶出，逐出◆A number of tenants have been evicted for not paying the rent.许多房客因不付房租被赶了出来。◆Police had to evict demonstrators from the building.警方不得不把示威者撵出大楼。▸eviction
noun
[uncountable, countable] ◆to face eviction from your home面临被赶出家门的可能■clear [transitive] to make a place empty of people使人离开◆Police were still clearing the streets when the bomb went off.炸弹爆炸时警察还在疏散街上的行人。■eject / /iˈdʒekt/ / [transitive] (formal) to force sb to leave a place驱逐；逐出；赶出◆Angry supporters were forcibly ejected from the premises.愤怒的支持者被强行逐出现场。■ˌkick sb ˈout
phrasal verb
(informal) to throw sb out撵走；轰走；逐出◆The Football League should have kicked him out of the club.足联早就应该把他从俱乐部开除。■ˌchuck sb ˈout
phrasal verb
(especially BrE, informal) to throw sb out撵走；轰走；逐出◆You can't just chuck him out－he's got nowhere to go.你不能就这样赶走他－他可没地方去呀。NOTE辨析 Kick sb out or chuck sb out?There is very little difference in meaning or use between these words. Kick sb out can sometimes suggest that you think the person deserves it; chuck sb out is more often used when you feel some sympathy for the person.这两种表达在含义和用法上差别很小。kick sb out有时可隐含“这个人活该被逐出”之意，chuck sb out多隐含对被逐的人表示同情之意。■ˌmove sb ˈon
phrasal verb
(especially BrE) (of the police or sb in authority) to order sb to move away from a place, for example the scene of an accident; to order sb to move away from somewhere because they do not have the legal right to be there（警察或有权势的人）让某人离开（事故现场等）；赶某人离开（无权逗留的地方）◆The policeman waved his hand and moved us on.那个警察挥了下手，让我们离开。◆Travellers are going to court to challenge the council's right to move them on.旅行者们把市政府告上法庭，声言当局无权驱赶他们。
pay
verb
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ spend1另见spend条第1义pay ♦︎ give ♦︎ settle ♦︎ meet ♦︎ defray ♦︎ clearThese words all mean to pay the money that you owe.这些词均表示付清欠款、结账。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to pay / settle / meet / clear your debts◆to pay / settle / meet a bill◆to pay / meet / defray the cost of sth◆to meet / defray the expense of sth■pay(paid, paid) [intransitive, transitive] to give sb money for work, goods, services, etc.付费；付酬◆I'll pay for the tickets.我来买票。◆My company pays well(= pays high salaries).我公司给的工资很高。◆There's a 5% discount if you pay cash.付现金有5%的折扣。◆She pays £200 a week for this apartment.这套公寓她每周要付200英镑。◆Would you mind paying the taxi driver?您付出租车费好吗？◆He still hasn't paid me the money he owes me.他还没还欠我的钱呢。◆I'm paid $100 a day.我每天的报酬是100元。 see also pay ⇨ incomenoun■give(gave, given) [transitive] to pay in order to have or do sth（为购买某物或做某事）支付，付款◆How much will you give me for the car?你肯出多少钱买我这辆车？◆I gave £50 for the lot.我花50英镑全买下来了。◆I'd give anything to see him again.只要能再见他一面我愿付出任何代价。■settle [transitive, intransitive] to pay a bill or pay back money that you owe付清（欠款）；结账◆The insurance company is refusing to settle her claim.保险公司拒付她提出的索赔款项。◆Let me settle with you for the meal.我来把饭费付给你。◆I'll pay now－we can settle up later.现在我来付账－咱们一会儿再算。■meet(met, met) [transitive] to pay all of a cost or debt付清；偿清◆The school had to sell off its playing fields to meet its debt repayments.学校不得不把操场卖掉来偿还债务。■defray / /dɪˈfreɪ/ / [transitive] (formal) to pay part or all of a cost支付，付给（部分或全部费用）◆Proceeds from the raffle always help to defray the expenses of the annual dance.卖彩票的收益总能帮助支付周年舞会的费用。■clear [transitive] to pay back all the money you owe清偿，还清（债务）◆We are economizing for a few months to try to clear our overdraft.我们要过几个月节衣缩食的日子，努力还清透支。NOTE辨析 Settle, meet, defray or clear?Settle and clear mean to pay all of an amount of money: settle is used for bills and debts, clear only for debts. Defray is a formal word usually used when sb/sth helps to pay part of a cost. Meet is used especially about payments that you make regularly. * settle和clear皆指付清整笔款项：settle指支付账单和还清债务，clear只用于清偿债务。defray一词很正式，通常指某人或某事帮助偿付部分费用。meet尤指定期付款。
cough
verb
cough ♦︎ sneeze ♦︎ choke ♦︎ clear your throatThese are all words for what you do when sth is blocking the passage of air to your lungs, or when air is forced suddenly out of your throat or nose.这些词均表示咳嗽、打喷嚏、哽噎等。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to make sb cough / sneeze / choke◆to cough / clear your throat loudly / nervously■cough [intransitive] to force out air suddenly and noisily through your throat, for example when you have a cold咳嗽◆I couldn't stop coughing.我咳嗽不止。◆She coughed nervously and looked at me.她紧张地咳嗽了一下，又看了看我。▸cough
noun
[countable] ◆She gave a little cough to attract my attention.她轻咳了一声以引起我的注意。■sneeze [intransitive] to have air come suddenly and noisily out through your nose and mouth in a way that you cannot control, for example because you have a cold打喷嚏◆I've been sneezing all morning.我一上午都打喷嚏。▸sneeze
noun
[countable] ◆He gave a violent sneeze.他打了个大喷嚏。■choke [intransitive, transitive] to be unable to breathe because the passage to your lungs is blocked or you cannot get enough air; to make sb unable to breathe哽噎；（使）窒息◆He was choking on a piece of toast.他被一块烤面包噎得透不过气来。◆She almost choked to death in the thick fumes.她几乎被浓烟呛死。◆The device contains small parts which could easily choke a child.这个装置有小零件，很容易使儿童窒息。■clear your ˈthroat
idiom
to cough so that you can speak clearly清喉咙；清嗓子◆She cleared her throat. 'I hope I'm not interrupting,' she said.她清了清嗓子，说道：“我希望我没有造成打扰。”
help2
verb
I was only trying to help.我只是想帮忙。This should help reduce the pain.这个应有助于缓解疼痛。help ♦︎ facilitate ♦︎ benefit ♦︎ assist ♦︎ aid ♦︎ clear the way ♦︎ ease ♦︎ open the wayThese words all mean to make it easier for sth to happen or to improve sth.这些词均表示促进、改善。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to help / assist / aid in (doing) sth◆to clear the way / open the way for sth◆to help / clear the way for / open the way for sb to do sth◆to help / facilitate / assist / aid / ease a process◆to help / facilitate / assist / aid / ease the development of sth◆to facilitate / assist / ease the flow / transition / transfer / passage / introduction of sth◆to help / facilitate / ease matters◆to clear / ease / open the way (for sth)◆to undoubtedly help / facilitate / benefit / assist / aid sth◆to greatly / certainly help / facilitate / benefit / assist / aid sth◆to considerably help / benefit / assist sth■help [intransitive, transitive] to improve a situation; to make it easier for sth to happen改善；促进；促使◆The money raised helped towards the cost of organizing the event.筹来的钱解决了组织这个活动所需的部分经费。◆Iron helps in the formation of red blood cells.铁促进血红细胞的形成。◆This should help (to) reduce the pain.这个应有助于缓解疼痛。◆The exhibition helped her establish herself as an artist.这个展览奠定了她的艺术地位。◆It certainly helped being able to talk about it.能谈谈这件事当然很有好处。OPPhinder,hamper ⇨ block1 see also help ⇨ aidnoun, helpful ⇨ valuable2■facilitate / /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/ / [transitive] (formal) to make an action or process possible or easier促进；促使；使便利◆The new trade agreement should facilitate more rapid economic growth.新贸易协定应该会促使经济加速发展。◆Structured teaching facilitates learning.有条理的讲授有利于学习。■benefit(-t-or-tt-) [transitive] to be useful or bring an advantage to sb, especially a particular group of people, or improve their life in some way对⋯有益；使受益◆We should spend the money on something that will benefit everyone.我们应该把这笔钱花在大家都能受益的事上。◆The new tax laws will clearly benefit those on low wages.很明显新税法将使低收入者受益。OPPdisadvantageⓘ To disadvantage sb or a group of people is to bring them a disadvantage [transitive, usually passive]. * disadvantage作及物动词时表示使陷入不利处境，通常用于被动语态◆In the past women have been disadvantaged by the narrow range of occupations open to them.过去妇女一直处于弱势，因为她们可从事的工作范围很窄。 see also beneficial ⇨ valuable2■assist [intransitive, transitive] (ratherformal, especiallywritten) to make it easier for sth to happen促进；促使◆Two approaches might assist in tackling the problem.有两种方法可能有助于解决问题。◆These activities will assist the decision-making process.这些活动将有利于决策。■aid [transitive, intransitive] (formal) to make it easier for sth to happen促进；促使◆New drugs are now available to aid recovery.促进康复的新药现已问世。◆Aided by strong winds, the fire quickly spread.借助强风，火势迅速蔓延。◆Computers can be used to aid in management decision-making.计算机可用于辅助管理人员作出决策。NOTE辨析 Facilitate, assist or aid?In some cases you can use any of these words.在有些情况下这三个词可以通用◆to facilitate / assist / aid a process / transition促进进程／转变◆to facilitate / assist / aid the development of sth促进某事的发展Facilitate and assist have a wider range of collocates than aid, including many nouns that describe a process such as passage, flow, transition, transfer, introduction and removal. Assist is often followed by in. * facilitate和assist的搭配词比aid多，其中包括许多描述过程的词，如passage、flow、transition、transfer、introduction和removal。assist常后接in◆assist in the development of sth有利于某事的发展Aid can also be used in this way, but notfacilitate. * aid也可这么用，但facilitate不可以◆facilitate in the development of sthFacilitate and assist are nearly always used to describe making helpful processes easier; aid can also be used to talk about unhelpful processes. * facilitate和assist几乎总是表示促进好事的进展，aid还可表示加剧坏事的发展◆Facilitated/assisted by strong winds, the fire quickly spread.■clear the way
idiom
to remove things that are stopping the progress or movement of sth清除障碍◆The ruling could clear the way for extradition proceedings.这个裁决也许能为引渡程序扫清障碍。■ease [transitive] to make sth easier, especially by removing or changing sth that has been making it difficult（尤指清除障碍以）使⋯容易些◆Ramps have been built to ease access for the disabled.为方便残疾人出入修建了坡道。■open the way
idiom
to make it possible for sb to do sth or for sth to happen, especially sth which was not possible before开方便之门◆The agreement could open the way for the country to pay off its debts.这一协定使得该国有望还清债务。
avoid
verb
avoid ♦︎ stay away ♦︎ boycott ♦︎ shun ♦︎ steer clear ♦︎ keep your distanceThese words all mean to try not to go near a particular person or place, or to try not to do sth.这些词均表示避开、躲避。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to avoid / shun publicity / the limelight◆to deliberately avoid / stay away from / steer clear of sb / sth■avoid [transitive] to not go near a particular person, place, event or situation回避；避开◆He's been avoiding me all week.整整一个星期他都在回避我。◆She kept avoiding my eyes(= would not look at me).她总是躲避我的目光。◆I left early to avoid the rush hour.我早早动身以避开交通高峰。■ˌstay aˈway
phrasal verb
to not go near a particular person or place不接近（某人）；不去（某地）◆I want you to stay away from my daughter.我要你离我女儿远远的。■boycott /ˈbɔɪkɒt; NAmEˈbɔɪkɑːt/ [transitive] to refuse to buy, use or take part in sth as a way of protesting拒绝购买（或使用、参加）；抵制◆We are asking people to boycott goods from companies that use child labour.我们正呼吁大家抵制雇用童工的公司的产品。 see also boycott ⇨ bannoun■shun(-nn-) [transitive] (written) to permanently avoid, ignore or reject sb/sth, because you do not like them or are afraid of them（因厌恶或惧怕）避开，躲避，回避◆She was shunned by her family when she remarried.她再婚后家里人都躲着她。◆He is an actor who shuns publicity.他是个不欲引起公众注意的演员。■steer clear
idiom
to avoid a person, place, event or situation because it may cause problems（因怕惹麻烦）避开，不靠近◆Steer clear of the centre of town at this time of the evening.晚上这个时段还是避开市中心吧。◆It is prudent to steer well clear of political subjects.审慎起见，应远离政治话题。■keep your ˈdistance
idiom
to make sure you are not too near sb/sth; to avoid getting too friendly or involved with a person or group（与⋯）保持距离；疏远；避免介入◆The lighthouse warns ships to keep their distance.灯塔警告船只保持距离。◆She was warned to keep her distance from Charles if she didn't want to get hurt.有人警告她说，如果不想受到伤害，就离查尔斯远一点。ⓘ Keep your distance is usually used to talk about avoiding sb/sth that may be dangerous. * keep your distance通常指避开危险的人或事物。
innocent
adjective
innocent ♦︎ not guilty ♦︎ in the clear ♦︎ blamelessThese words all describe people who have not done anything wrong or illegal.这些词均表示无辜的、无罪的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be innocent / not guilty of sth◆to plead innocent / not guilty◆to find sb innocent / not guilty■innocentnot having done sth wrong or illegal清白的；无辜的；无罪的◆They have imprisoned an innocent man.他们监禁了一名无辜的男子。◆She was found innocent of any crime.她获判无罪。◆He was the innocent party(= person) in the breakdown of the marriage.他的婚姻破裂了，但他是无过错的一方。◆There must be an innocent explanation for her behaviour.对她的行为一定有可以脱罪的解释。OPPguilty ⇨ guilty▸innocence
noun
[uncountable] ◆She protested her innocence(= said repeatedly that she was innocent).她一再申明自己是无辜的。OPPguilt ⇨ fault■ˌnot ˈguilty
phrase
(law法律) not having done sth illegal无罪的◆The jury found the defendant not guilty of the offence.陪审团裁决被告无罪。ⓘ People who have not done sth illegal plead not guilty to an offence. Someone may be found not guilty or a jury may return a verdict of not guilty.申辩无罪可用短语plead not guilty表示。be found not guilty指被判决无罪。陪审团作出无罪判决可用短语return a verdict of not guilty表示。OPPguilty ⇨ guilty■in the ˈclear
idiom
(ratherinformal) no longer thought to have done sth wrong or illegal不再被认为有罪◆It seems that the original suspect is in the clear.原先的嫌疑犯好像已被认定无罪。 see also clear ⇨ acquitverb■blameless (ratherformal, written) free from responsibility for doing sth bad无可指责的◆None of us is entirely blameless in this matter.在这件事上我们没有一个人是完全没有责任的。 see also blame ⇨ faultnoun