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fund noun
⇨ fund (a pension fund) ⇨ money 1 (short of funds)fund verb
⇨ fund fund noun fund ♦︎ budget ♦︎ account ♦︎ savings ♦︎ reserve ♦︎ pocket ♦︎ purse ♦︎ stashThese are all words for money that has been saved or is available for a particular purpose. 这些词均表示基金、专款、资金。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to pay sth from / out of a fund / a budget / an account / your savings / your reserves / your own pocket / the purse◆to have sth in a fund / a budget / an account◆(a) small fund / budget / reserves / stash◆(a) large fund / budget / reserves◆sb's private fund / budget / account / savings / purse◆sb's family fund / budget / savings / purse◆sb's personal budget / account / savings / stash◆a / the public fund / budget / purse◆to have a fund / a budget / an account / savings / reserves / a stash◆to dip into a fund / a budget / your savings / your reserves / your pocket / your purse◆to build up a fund / savings / reserves◆to spend a fund / a budget / your savings / your reserves◆to manage a fund / a budget / an account / your savings / your reserves■ fund [countable] money that has been saved or has been made available for a particular purpose 基金；专款◆She made a donation to the local cancer relief fund.她给当地的癌症救助基金会捐了一笔钱。◆He's been paying into the firm's pension fund for thirty years.他三十年来一直往公司的退休基金里供款。 see also funds ⇨ money 1 ■ budget [countable, uncountable] the money that is available to an organization, government or person and a plan of how it will be spent over a period of time; an official government statement of this 预算；政府预算案◆The government is planning to double the education budget.政府计划把教育经费增加一倍。◆It's one of those big-budget Hollywood movies.这是一部巨额预算的好莱坞大片。◆We decorated the house on a tight budget (= without much money to spend).我们俭省地装修了房子。◆Every year the school has a struggle to balance its budget (= not spend more than it has).该校每年都要费好大的劲才能平衡预算。◆The work was finished on time and within budget (= did not cost more money than was planned).工作按时完成且未超出预算。◆The company must not go over budget (= spend too much money).公司一定不能预算超支。 see also budget ⇨ save verb 2 , budgetary ⇨ economic ■ account [countable] an arrangement with a bank to keep your money there and to allow you to take it out when you need to 账户◆I don't have a bank account.我没有银行账户。◆to open / close an account开户；销户◆ (BrE) I paid the cheque into my current account.我把支票存入我的往来账户。◆ (NAmE) She deposited the check in her account.她把支票存入她的账户。■ savings [plural] money that you have saved, especially in a bank, etc. 储蓄金；存款◆Your savings will grow if you invest them wisely.如果用存款进行明智的投资，你的钱就会越来越多。◆He put all his savings into buying a boat.他用全部积蓄买了一条船。 see also save ⇨ save verb 2 , save ⇨ save verb 3 ■ reserve [countable, usually plural] (finance 金融) money that is available to be used when it is needed 储备金；准备金◆The company has substantial reserves of capital to fall back on if necessary.该公司资金储备充裕，必要时可以动用。■ pocket [countable] (rather informal) the money that is available to a person to spend （个人的）钱财，财力，资金◆We have a range of gifts to suit every pocket.我们有各种各样的礼品，丰俭由人。◆He had no intention of paying for the meal out of his own pocket.他不想自掏腰包付饭钱。◆ (especially BrE) That one mistake left him thousands of pounds out of pocket (= having lost thousands of pounds).那一次失误让他损失了数千英镑。 see also pocket ⇨ make verb 3 ■ purse [singular] (rather formal) the money that is available to a person, organization or government to spend （个人、机构或政府的）资金，财源，备用款◆Should spending on the arts be met out of the public purse (= from government money)?艺术活动的开支应该由政府支付吗？NOTE 辨析 Pocket or purse? Pocket is more informal than purse; it is used more to talk about a person's own money; purse is used more to talk about public money. * pocket没有purse正式，多指个人的钱财。purse多指公款。■ stash [countable, usually singular] (informal) an amount of sth that is kept secretly 藏起来的财物◆Luckily the thieves never found my small stash of ten pound notes.幸好那些贼没发现我藏起来的一小笔10英镑面值的钞票。 see also stash ⇨ keep verb 1 money1 noun make money 赚钱count the money 点钞the family's money 家产money ♦︎ cash ♦︎ funds ♦︎ capital ♦︎ finance ♦︎ meansThese are all words for money that can be used to buy things. 这些词均表示钱、资金。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆government / public money / cash / funds / capital / finance◆to have / lack (the) money / cash / funds / capital / finance / the means ( to do sth)◆to be short of money / cash / funds / capital◆to raise / provide / put up money / cash / funds / capital / finance (for sth)◆to get / obtain money / cash / funds / finance (for sth)◆to spend / borrow / invest money / cash / funds / capital◆to lend money / cash / funds◆to pay / save money / cash■ money [uncountable] what you earn by working or by selling things, and use to buy things 钱；薪水；收入◆He hoped the project would make money.他希望这个项目能赚钱。◆He returned the new TV to the store and got his money back.他将新电视机退还给商店，拿到了退款。◆This desk is worth a lot of money.这张书桌值很多钱。◆The money (= the pay) is great in my new job.我的新工作薪水很高。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ income 另见income条■ cash [uncountable] (informal) money that is available to be spent 金钱；资金◆She refused to part with her hard-earned cash.她拒绝交出辛苦挣来的钱。◆The company is strapped for cash (= without enough money).公司现在缺钱。■ funds [plural] money that is available to be spent 金钱；资金◆The hospital is trying to raise funds for a new kidney machine.医院正设法筹钱购买一台新的血液透析器。 see also fund ⇨ fund noun , fund ⇨ fund verb , funding ⇨ investment NOTE 辨析 Cash or funds? Cash is more informal than funds but both words can be used in both a personal and a business context. * cash不如funds正式，但二者均可用于个人语境和商务语境◆I'm / The government is short of cash / funds.我／政府缺钱。 Cash, but not funds, can be used like an adjective before other nouns. * cash可像形容词一样用在其他名词前，但funds不能这样用◆The company is having cash flow problems.公司的资金周转出现了问题。◆The company is having funds flow problems. ■ capital [uncountable, singular] money or property that is owned by a business or person; money that is invested in a business 财富；财产；资本；资金◆We don't have enough capital to buy new premises.我们没有足够的资金来购置新的营业场所。◆Our capital is all tied up in property.我们的资金全都投在了房地产上，无法动用。◆capital assets / goods / stock (= wealth in the form of buildings, equipment, etc.) 资本资产／货物／存量■ finance [uncountable] (rather formal) money used to run a business, activity or project 资金◆Finance for education comes from taxpayers.教育经费来自纳税人。ⓘ Finances [plural] are the money available to a person, organization or country or the way this money is managed. 复数形式的finances指个人、组织或国家的财力或财务管理◆Moving house put a severe strain on our finances.搬家使我们的经济十分紧张。◆The firm's finances are basically sound.公司的财务状况大体上还不错。 see also finance ⇨ finance noun , finance ⇨ fund verb ■ means [plural] the money or income that a person has and can use to pay for things （个人的）财富，钱财◆People should pay according to their means (= according to what they can afford).人应该依据自己的负担能力来消费。◆Private school fees are beyond the means of most people (= more than they can afford).私立学校的费用是大多数人无力支付的。◆Try to live within your means (= not spend more money than you have).要尽可能量入为出。 fund verb fund ♦︎ support ♦︎ finance ♦︎ sponsor ♦︎ guarantee ♦︎ subsidize ♦︎ underwrite ♦︎ endow ♦︎ bankrollThese words all mean to provide money for sb/sth in order to help them function or be successful. 这些词均表示资助、赞助、提供资金。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fund / support / finance / sponsor / subsidize / underwrite / bankroll a project / programme◆to fund / support / finance / sponsor / underwrite / bankroll a campaign◆to fund / support / finance / sponsor / subsidize research◆sth is fully / properly funded / financed / guaranteed / underwritten◆sth is generously funded / supported / sponsored / endowed◆sth is poorly funded / supported / financed / endowed◆sth is privately funded / financed / sponsored / endowed◆sth is publicly funded / financed / sponsored / subsidized■ fund [transitive] to provide money for sth, often sth official that continues over a long period 为⋯提供资金；拨款给◆There is an annual dance festival funded by the Arts Council.有一个由艺术委员会资助的一年一度的舞蹈节。◆She used the stolen money to fund her extravagant lifestyle.她大肆挥霍偷来的钱。 see also funding ⇨ investment , funds ⇨ money 1 ■ support [transitive] to provide money for sth in order to help it to be successful 资助；赞助◆Several major companies are supporting the project.几家大公司在资助这个项目。▸ support noun [uncountable] ◆Local businesses have provided financial support.当地企业提供了财政资助。■ finance [transitive] to provide money for sth 为⋯提供资金◆The building project will be financed by the government and by public donations.这个建筑项目将由政府和公众捐款提供资金。◆He took a job to finance his stay in Germany.他找了一份工作以支付在德国的生活费。 see also finance ⇨ money 1 NOTE 辨析 Fund or finance?These two words are very similar, but fund is used more than finance for programmes or projects that continue or are repeated year after year. 这两个词意义非常相近，但指资助年复一年持续或重复的项目时，fund较finance用得多。■ sponsor / /ˈspɒnsə(r); NAmE ˈspɑːnsər/ [transitive](of a company, etc.) to pay the costs of a particular event or programme as a way of advertising; to support sb by paying for their training or education （公司等为了宣传）赞助（活动或节目）；资助（某人的培训或教育）◆Many sports events on TV used to be sponsored by the tobacco industry.过去许多电视上播放的体育赛事常常由烟草商赞助。◆She found a company to sponsor her through college.她找到一家愿意资助她读完大学的公司。 see also sponsor ⇨ sponsor noun , sponsorship ⇨ investment ■ guarantee /ˌgærənˈtiː/ / [transitive] (finance 金融) to agree to be legally responsible for repaying an amount of money if the person who owes it fails to repay it 承诺为⋯作保◆His father agreed to guarantee the bank loan.他父亲同意为那笔银行贷款作保。■ subsidize (BrE also subsidise) [transitive] to give part of the money that a person or organization needs in order to reduce their costs or prices 资助；补助；津贴◆The housing projects are subsidized by the government.这些住房工程得到了政府的补贴。◆She's not prepared to subsidize his gambling any longer.她再也不愿拿钱供他去赌博了。 see also subsidy ⇨ investment ■ underwrite / /ˌʌndəˈraɪt; NAmE ˌʌndərˈraɪt/ (underwrote, underwritten) [transitive] (finance 金融) to accept financial responsibility for a project or event so that you will pay for special costs or for losses it may make 承担经济责任（包括支付特别费用或损失）◆The British government ended up underwriting the entire project.结果整个项目的费用都由英国政府承担。◆The record company may underwrite the costs of a band's first tour.唱片公司可以承担乐队首次巡回演出的费用。■ endow /ɪnˈdaʊ/ / [transitive] to give a large amount of money to a school, college or other institution to provide it with an income, often to be used for a particular purpose （向学校、大学或其他机构）捐钱，捐赠，资助（常作特定用途）◆In her will, she endowed a scholarship in the physics department.她在遗嘱里给物理学系捐赠了一笔奖学金。 see also endowment ⇨ investment ■ bankroll /ˈbæŋkrəʊl; NAmE ˈbæŋkroʊl/ [transitive] (especially NAmE, rather informal) to support sb/sth financially 资助；为⋯提供资金◆They claimed his campaign had been bankrolled with drug money.他们声称他的竞选活动是由贩毒资金支持的。 |