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prompt verb
⇨ prompt (prompt an outburst) ⇨ make 4 (What prompted you to choose us?)prompt adj.
⇨ early (Please be prompt.) ⇨ immediate (prompt action) prompt verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ cause 另见cause条prompt ♦︎ provoke ♦︎ trigger ♦︎ spark ♦︎ set sth offThese words all mean to make sth start happening. 这些词均表示导致、激起。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to trigger / spark / set sth off◆to prompt / provoke / trigger / spark / set off a debate / reaction◆to prompt / provoke / trigger / spark / set off protests◆to prompt / provoke / trigger / spark a / an crisis / attack◆to prompt / provoke / trigger / spark discussions / controversy / demonstrations◆to prompt / provoke / trigger a response◆to prompt / provoke / spark anger / criticism◆to provoke / trigger / spark riots / disturbances◆an event prompts / triggers / sparks / sets off sth■ prompt [transitive] (especially written) to cause sth to start or happen, especially discussion, questioning or criticism of sth 导致，激起（尤指讨论、质疑或批评）◆The news prompted speculation that prices will rise further.这条新闻使人们推测物价将进一步上涨。◆His speech prompted an angry outburst from a man in the crowd.他的讲话令人群中一男子大发雷霆。◆The discovery of the bomb prompted an increase in security.发现这枚炸弹促使当局加强安保工作。ⓘ Things that can be prompted include debate, speculation, allegations, criticism and worry. 可以作prompt的宾语的词有debate、speculation、allegations、criticism和worry。■ provoke /prəˈvəʊk; NAmE prəˈvoʊk/ [transitive] to cause a particular feeling or reaction, especially a negative one, sometimes deliberately （有时是故意地）激起，引起，引发（尤指负面情绪或反应）◆The announcement provoked a storm of protest.这个声明激起了抗议的风潮。◆The article was intended to provoke discussion.本文旨在引发讨论。■ trigger [transitive] to cause sth to start suddenly, especially sth bad 发动，引起，触发（尤指坏事）◆Nuts can trigger off a violent allergic reaction.坚果可以引发严重的过敏反应。◆An influx of refugees has triggered disturbances.难民的涌入引发了骚乱。ⓘ Things that can be triggered include sudden physical illnesses such as a fit, an attack, a reaction or a relapse, and conflict or fighting between people. * trigger的宾语可以是突发的身体不适，如fit、attack、reaction或relapse，以及人与人之间的冲突或争斗。▸ trigger noun [countable] ◆The trigger for the strike was the closure of yet another factory.这场罢工的诱因是又有一家工厂倒闭了。■ spark [transitive] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) to cause sth, especially a problem or emergency, to start or develop, especially suddenly （尤指突然地）引发，触发（尤指问题或意外）◆The riots were sparked off by the arrest of a local leader.因逮捕了一名当地的领导人而触发暴乱。◆Winds brought down power lines, sparking a fire.大风吹倒了输电电缆，引起了大火。NOTE 辨析 Provoke or spark?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆to provoke / spark a reaction / discussion / protest / storm引发反应／讨论／抗议／风暴◆to provoke / spark controversy / criticism / anger / outrage引起争议／批评／怒火／愤怒In these cases, spark is slightly more informal than provoke, used especially in newspapers. However, spark is used especially to talk about causing serious events when a situation gets out of control. Provoke is often used when sth is caused deliberately, or the result is easy to predict. 在这些情况下，spark比provoke稍显非正式，尤用于报纸文章。但是，spark尤指引发严重事件使局面无法控制。provoke常指故意激起，或用于结果不难预料时◆The suggestion inevitably provoked outrage from student leaders.这个建议不可避免地激起了学生领袖的愤慨。 Provoke is also used to talk about causing feelings as well as reactions. * provoke不仅指引起某种反应，还指引发某种情绪◆to provoke hostility / jealousy / resentment引起敌意／妒意／怨恨 Spark is only used to talk about stronger feelings such as anger and outrage that are openly expressed. * spark仅指引发强烈而公开的情绪，如anger和outrage。 ■ ˌset sth ˈoff phrasal verb (setting, set, set)to start a process or series of events 引发，激起（一连串行动或事件）◆Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling.对股市的恐慌情绪导致人们纷纷抛售股票。 make4 verb make your own clothes 自己做衣服make a profit 获利make a living 谋生It made me think. 那件事促使我思考。cookmake a cakeforcebe made to work hardmake ♦︎ lead ♦︎ prompt ♦︎ motivate ♦︎ induce ♦︎ predisposeThese words all refer to sth being the reason why sb does or thinks sth. 这些词均表示致使某人做某事或有某种想法、引导某人。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to lead / predispose sb to sth◆to lead / prompt / motivate / induce / predispose sb to do sth◆to make sb do sth■ make (made, made) [transitive] (always followed by infinitive without to 总是后接不带to的不定式) to cause sb to think sth or decide to do sth 促使；使得◆Nothing will make me change my mind.我心意已决。◆What makes you say that (= why do you think so)?你为什么这么说？◆What he said certainly made us all think.他说的话无疑促使我们大家思考。◆Politeness made her go back to see him.出于礼貌，她回去看望了他。■ lead / /liːd/ / (led, led) [transitive] to be the reason why sb does or thinks sth, especially as part of a process of understanding sth 使得出（观点）；引导◆What led you to this conclusion?你是如何得出这个结论的？◆What we found leads us to suspect that more people may be involved.我们发现的情况使我们怀疑也许有更多的人卷入其中。◆The situation is far worse than we had been led to believe.情况比我们听信的要糟糕得多。■ prompt [transitive](especially of an event or experience) to be the reason why sb decides to do sth （尤指事件或经历）促使，导致◆What prompted you to choose this area?是什么让你选择了这个领域？◆I understand your views and the reasons which prompted you to write.我理解你的观点和促使你写信的原因。■ motivate /ˈməʊtɪveɪt; NAmE ˈmoʊtɪveɪt/ [transitive, often passive] to be the reason why sb decides to do sth or behave in a particular way 成为⋯的动机；是⋯的原因◆He is motivated entirely by self-interest.他做事完全出于私利。◆What motivates people to carry out such attacks?是什么原因致使人们进行这样的攻击？ see also motivation ⇨ incentive ■ induce /ɪnˈdjuːs; NAmE ɪnduːs/ [transitive] (always followed by to + infinitive; used especially in negative statements 总是后接带to的不定式，尤用于否定陈述) (formal) to persuade or influence sb to do sth 劝说；诱使◆Nothing would induce me to take the job.没有什么能诱使我接受那份工作。◆No amount of persuasion could induce her to stay longer.怎么劝她也不愿多待一会儿。 see also inducement ⇨ incentive ■ predispose /ˌpriːdɪˈspəʊz; NAmE ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊz/ [transitive] (formal) (especially of sb's character, opinions, mood or experience) to influence sb so that they are likely to think or behave in a particular way （尤指某人的性格、观点、情绪或经历）使倾向于，使受影响◆One theory is that some people are predisposed to criminal behaviour because of their genetic make-up.有一种理论认为，某些人由于基因构成的原因容易犯罪。◆Certain experiences can predispose a child towards a feeling of helplessness.某些经历易使儿童产生无助感。 early adjective early ♦︎ on time ♦︎ punctual ♦︎ prompt ♦︎ on the dotThese words all describe sb/sth that arrives or happens before or at the usual or arranged time. 这些词均表示早到的、提前的或准时的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be early / punctual for sth◆very / always early / punctual / prompt■ early arriving or happening before the usual or arranged time 早到的；提前的；提早的◆You're early! I wasn't expecting you till seven.你来得真早！我还以为你7点才到呢。◆The bus was ten minutes early.公共汽车早到了10分钟。◆We had an early breakfast.我们早饭吃得早。◆Let's make an early start tomorrow.我们明天一早就出发吧。◆She's an early riser (= she gets up early in the morning).她起得早。◆He learned to play the piano at an early age.他从小就学习弹钢琴。OPP late ⇨ late ▸ early adverb ◆I arrived a few minutes early for my interview.我面试早到了几分钟。◆The baby arrived earlier than expected.婴儿早产了。■ on ˈtime phrase arriving at the arranged or correct time; not late 按时的；准时的◆Please try to be on time in future.以后请准时。◆The train arrived right on time.火车正点到达。 OPP late ⇨ late ■ punctual / /ˈpʌŋktʃuəl/ / (rather formal) arriving or happening at the arranged or correct time; not late 按时的；准时的；守时的◆Always be punctual for an interview.参加面试一定要守时。◆Punctual attendance at all classes is required.所有的课都必须准时出席。OPP late ⇨ late ▸ punctuality / /ˌpʌŋktʃuˈæləti/ / noun [uncountable] ◆He insists on regular attendance and punctuality.他坚持要求不能缺勤，并且要准时。▸ punctually adverb ◆They always pay punctually.他们一向按时付款。■ prompt [not before noun] arriving at the right time; acting without delay 准时的；迅速的；立即行动的◆Please be prompt when attending these meetings.请准时出席这些会议。◆ (BrE) He's prompt to criticize but not so ready to do any work himself.他批评别人毫不犹豫，自己干起事来可没那么利落。▸ prompt adverb ◆The meeting will begin at ten o'clock prompt.会议将于10点钟准时开始。▸ promptly adverb ◆They arrived promptly at two o'clock.他们2点钟准时到达了。◆She deals with all the correspondence promptly and efficiently.她迅速高效地处理所有往来信件。■ on the ˈdot idiom (informal) exactly on time; at the exact time mentioned 准时；在指定时刻◆The taxi showed up on the dot.出租车准时到了。◆ (NAmE) Breakfast is served at 8 right on the dot.8点整开早饭。◆ (BrE) Please tell him I'll call him on the dot of twelve.请转告他我12点整会给他打电话。 immediate adjective immediate ♦︎ instant ♦︎ prompt ♦︎ instantaneousThese words all describe sth that happens or is done without delay. 这些词均表示立刻的、瞬间的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达迅即的程度| prompt | ➔ | immediate | ➔ | instantaneous | | | instant | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an immediate / an instant / a prompt / an instantaneous reaction / response / return◆immediate / instant / prompt action / attention / payment / relief◆an immediate / instant appeal / answer / solution / result / effect / impact / improvement◆an immediate / a prompt start / step◆almost immediate / instant / instantaneous■ immediate happening or done without delay 立即的；立刻的◆Carrie's immediate reaction to the news was to laugh in relief.卡丽得知消息后立刻如释重负地笑了。◆Local police took immediate action when they received the bomb alert.当地警方接到炸弹警报后马上采取了行动。◆The cream brings immediate relief to dry and rough skin.这种护肤霜能立刻缓解皮肤的干燥粗糙。OPP delayed ⓘ A delayed reaction happens some time after the event that causes it. * delayed reaction指事件发生一段时间后才出现的反应◆She's suffering a delayed reaction to the shock.她正承受着冲击带来的滞后反应。 ▸ immediately adverb ◆She answered almost immediately.她几乎立刻就作出了回答。◆The point of my question may not be immediately apparent.我的问题的要点可能不是一看便知的。■ instant [usually before noun] happening or done immediately 立即的；立刻的◆She took an instant dislike to me, the first time we met.我们第一次见面时她立刻就讨厌我。◆This account gives you instant access to your money.这个账户能让你随时存取款项。◆The show was an instant success in New York.演出在纽约一炮打响。▸ instantly adverb ◆Her voice is instantly recognizable.她的声音一下子就能听出来。◆The driver of the car was killed instantly.汽车司机当场死亡。■ prompt done without delay 立即的；迅速的；及时的◆Prompt action was required as the fire spread.火势蔓延，必须立即采取行动。◆Prompt payment of the invoice would be appreciated.务请见发票即付款，我们将不胜感激。▸ promptly adverb (especially written) ◆She read the letter and promptly burst into tears.她一看信眼泪就夺眶而出。■ instantaneous / /ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəs/ / happening immediately 立即的；立刻的；瞬间的◆Her instantaneous response was to blame her parents.她的第一反应是责怪父母。◆With certain poisons, death is almost instantaneous.有些毒药几乎可以瞬间致死。NOTE 辨析 Immediate, instant, prompt or instantaneous? Prompt describes sth that you do; instantaneous describes sth that happens; immediate and instant can describe either, although instant is used more to describe sth that happens than sth that you do. Prompt action is not quite as fast as an action or reaction that is immediate, instant or instantaneous. Action can be very/fairly prompt but not◆very/fairly immediate/instant/instantaneous A reaction can be almost immediate/instant/instantaneous but not◆almost prompt. * prompt描述所做之事；instantaneous描述发生的事；immediate和instant描述这两种情况皆可，但instant较常描述发生的事。prompt所描述的行为不如immediate、instant和instantaneous迅速。描述行动时，very和fairly可以修饰prompt，但不能修饰immediate、instant和instantaneous。描述反应时，almost可以修饰immediate、instant和instantaneous，但不能修饰prompt。 |